今回の英語は、ヨーロッパの国民性についてのお話です。
| A: |
The
French cannot get the hang of standing in line. They try
and try, but it is beyond them.
Wherever you go in Paris, you see orderly lines waiting
at bus stops, but as soon as the bus pulls up,
the line instantly breaks up as everyone scrambles to be
the first aboard, quite unaware that this
defeats the whole purpose of lining up. |
| B: |
The
British, on the other hand, do not understand certain fundamentals
of eating, as evidenced by
their instinct to consume hamburgers with a knife and fork.
To my continuing amazement, many of them also turn their
fork upside down and balance the food
on the back of it.
I've lived in England for a decade and a half and I still
have to suppress an impulse to go up to
strangers in pubs and restaurants and say,
"Excuse me, can I give you a tip that'll help stop those
peas bouncing all over the table?" |
| C: |
: The Germans are
confused by humor, the Swiss have no concept of fun, the
Spanish think there is
nothing at all ridiculous about eating dinner at midnight,
and the Italians should never, ever have been
informed of the invention of the motorcar. |
今回は、Bの訳と解説をします。
[訳]
|
◇
|
The British, |
on the other hand,
|
do not understand |
certain |
fundamentals |
of eating, |
|
イギリス人
|
一方
|
|
いくつかの 原理 |
|
|
|
as evidenced by |
their |
instinct |
to |
consume |
hamburgers with a knife
and fork. |
|
明らかのように
|
|
本能
|
|
を消費する |
|
|
| 一方、イギリス人はハンバーガーを食べるのに本能的にナイフとフォークを使用してしまうことからも明らかのように、食べるということに対し、いくつかの基本原理を理解していない。 |
|
◇
|
To my continuing amazement, |
| さらに驚くべきことに |
|
|
many of them also |
turn |
their fork |
upside down |
and |
balance |
the food |
on the back of |
it. |
|
|
ひっくりかえす
|
さかさまに
|
|
バランスをとる
|
背の上にのせて
|
|
|
| さらに驚くべきことに、多くのイギリス人はフォークを表裏ひっくり返しに持って,フォークの背に食べ物を乗せ、それが落ちないようにバランスをとるのです。 |
|
◇
|
I've lived in England |
for a decade |
and a half and I still |
have to |
suppress |
| |
十年
|
しなければならない
|
抑制する |
|
|
an |
impulse |
to |
go up to |
strangers |
in pubs and restaurants
and say, |
|
|
衝動
|
|
近づく
|
他人
|
パブ |
|
|
"Excuse me |
can I give you a
tip |
that'll |
help stop |
those |
peas |
bouncing |
all over the table?" |
|
|
|
秘訣を教える
|
|
しないようにする
のを手伝う |
グリーン
ピース |
〜を跳ね回る |
テーブル中を
|
|
|
私はイギリスに住んで15年になるが、いまだにパブやレストランで食べている人に近づいて、
「失礼ですが,そのグリーンピースがテーブル中を跳ね回らないようにするための秘訣をお教えしましょうか?」 といいたい衝動を抑えなければならないのです。 |
|
◇
|
The British, |
on the other hand,
|
do not understand |
certain |
fundamentals |
of eating, |
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
as evidenced by |
their |
instinct to cnsume hamburgers |
with |
a knife and fork. |
|
(3)
|
|
|
(4) |
|
|
|
(1)
|
"The British" |
British(イギリス人)はEnglish(England),
Scottish(Scotland), Welsh(Wales), Northern Irish(Northern
Ireland) の4つを指します。 |
| |
もっとも日本人にとってはどうでもいいことですね。 |
| |
ただ、サッカーやラグビーで、スコットランドやウェールズが一国の代表になったりしますが、これがよくわからないのですが……… |
| |
|
|
(2)
|
"on the other hand" |
"on the one hand
〜 on the other hand……"(一方では〜他方では……) |
| |
相関語句として使われますが、"on the one hand"は省略されることが多い。 |
| |
|
|
(3)
|
"as
evidenced by" |
明らかなように "which is evident
from their instinct" と書き換えられる。 |
| 動詞"evidence" (明示する)を使うよりも
|
| "as can be seen" |
| |
|
"as you can see" |
| |
|
"as shown by" (おわかりのように)の方が解りやすいですね。 |
| |
|
|
| (4) |
"with" |
器具・手段 〜で 〜用いて "write
with a pencil"(鉛筆で書く) |
|
◇
|
To my continuing amazement, |
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
|
many of |
them also |
turn |
their fork |
upside down |
and balancethe
food on the back of it. |
|
(2)
|
|
(3) |
|
(3)
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
"To my continuing |
"to one's + 感情を表す名詞" (〜なことには) |
| amazement" |
|
| |
|
|
(2)
|
"many of 〜" |
不定代名詞 |
| |
"some""any""many""all""each""both"
などは代名詞,形容詞として両方用いられるが |
| |
"every"は形容詞としての用法しかない。 |
| |
"Many apples are rotten. " |
(形容詞) |
| |
|
"Many of the apples
are rotten." |
(代名詞) |
| |
|
"Many of them are rotten. " |
(代名詞) |
"Many they"とはいえませんね。 |
| |
|
"Each pupil has a desk. " |
(形容詞) |
|
| |
|
"Each of the pupils has a desk.
" |
(代名詞) |
|
| |
|
"Every pupil has a desk. " |
(形容詞) |
| |
|
×"Every
of the pupils has a desk." |
| |
|
|
|
(3)
|
"
turn 〜
upside down" |
「ひっくり返す」 |
| "turn the table
upside down" (テーブルをひっくり返す) |
| |
|
|
| |
|
・比較 "back to front " |
| |
|
"He wears his
baseball cap back to front."(彼は野球帽をさかさまにかぶっています。) |
| |
|
同じさかさまでも、 |
| |
|
"upside down"(上下さかさま) |
| |
|
"back to front (表裏(前後)さかさま) |
| |
|
セーターは"back to front" ですね。 |
|
◇
|
I've lived in England
for |
a decade and a half
|
and I still
have to suppress |
| |
(1)
|
|
|
|
an impulse |
to go up to |
strangers |
in pubs and restaurants
and say, |
|
|
(2)
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
|
"Excuse me can |
I give you a tip
|
that'll |
help stop |
those peas |
bouncing |
all over the table?" |
| |
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
"a decade
and a half" |
15年間 |
| |
|
|
|
(2)
|
"to go up to〜" |
"impulse" にかかる不定詞の形容詞的用法 |
| |
|
|
(3)
|
"strangers" |
1、他人(見知らぬ人) |
2、未経験者 |
| 会話で使われることが多い |
| 1、"He is a stranger
to me." |
(私は彼を知りません) |
| |
|
2、"I am a stranger
in this city." |
(この町は不案内だ) |
| |
|
|
| (4) |
"give you a tip" |
"a tip " 助言(advice)、 秘訣 |
| |
|
"tip"はチップ、心付けのほかに「助言」、「秘訣」の意味があるのですね。 |
| |
|
|
| (5) |
"that'll" |
"that will"の省略形 |
"that" は関係代名詞 |
| |
|
|
| (6) |
"help stop" |
" help + 動詞の原形" |
〜するのを手伝う (アメリカ英語) |
| |
|
|
| (7) |
"bouncing" |
"stop …..目… + 〜ing" |
……が〜しないようにする |
| |
|
"Nothing will stop
him going." ( ….his going, ……him from going ) |
| |
|
(どんなことがあっても彼は行くだろう) |
|