今回の英語は、長文2題の構成です。
| A-1: |
A tourist, who had spent
lots of money in Norway, found that he had only enough money
in his pocket to pay his passage back to England. As it
was only a few days' journey he thought he could easily
dispense with food. He closed his ears to the sound of the
lunch bell, and when dinner time came he refused the invitation
to accompany a fellow traveller to the saloon on the ground
that he did not feel well. |
| A-2: |
However, hunger got the better
of self-control. " I am going to feed,"said he, "even if
they throw me overboard afterwards. I might as well drown
as starve." At the dinner table he ate greedily everthing
put in front of him. Having had his fill, he told the steward
to bring him the bill. "There isn't any bill," was the reply.
"On this ship meals are included in the passage money."
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| B: |
The commonest form of forgetfulness,
I suppose, occurs in the matter of posting letters. So common
is it that I am always reluctant to trust a departing visitor
to post an important letter. So little do I rely on his
memory that I for myself, anyone who asks me to post a letter
is a poor judge of character. Even if I carry the letter
in my hand I am always past the first pillar-box before
I remember that I ought to have posted it. |
今回は、長文1問目の後半部分(A-2)です。
[訳]
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| 「食うぞ」と彼は言った。 「たとえ、後で海へ投げ込まれたって!! 飢え死にするよりおぼれ死にする方がましだ。」 |
| 食堂のテーブルで、彼は自分の前におかれた料理すべてをがつがつと平らげた。 |
| 腹いっぱい食べてから、彼は給仕に勘定書を持ってくるように言った。 |
| 「勘定書はありません。この船では、食事は船賃込みになっております。」という答えが返ってきた。 |
[文法・語句]
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(1)
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"However" |
接続詞(副詞)として使われる場合と複合関係副詞(たとへ〜としても)として使われる場合があるが、接続詞として使われるほうが圧倒的に多いと思われる。本文も接続詞として使われている。 |
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意味は「しかしながら」で、似たような使い方に"nevertheless"(それにもかかわらず) "still""yet"(それでもなお)などがある。
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She was very tired,
however she kept on working. |
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(彼女はとても疲れていたが働き続けた。) |
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It may rain ; nevertheless,
we will start on our trip. |
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(雨がふるかもしれない。でも私達は旅行に出かけます。)
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尚、この"however"は、等位接続詞"but"とは異なり、後続する節の先頭や中間や末尾に位置することができる。 |
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His sister is a nice person,
but she has no friends. |
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His sister is a nice person
; however she has no friends. |
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HIs sister is a nice person
; she has, however no friends. |
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His sister is a nice person
; she has no friends, however. |
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(彼の妹はいい人であるが、友達が1人もいない。) |
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(2)
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"hunger" |
hunger(名)→ hungry(形) |
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anger(名)→ angry(形) |
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| (3) |
"get
the better of" |
「〜に勝つ」( = defeat,
overcome ) |
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ex. Curiosity got
the better of him. |
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(彼は好奇心を押さえることができなかった。) |
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(4)
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"even
if" |
(
="even though" ) 「たとへ〜 だとしても」 |
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"if"節と比較してみると主節には反対の意味の文がきますね。 |
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Even if ( whether
or not ) it rains, I'll go on a picnic. |
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(たとえ雨が降ろうが、ピクニックに行きます。) |
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If it rains,
I won't go on a picnic. |
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(もし雨が降ったら、ピクニックに行きません。) |
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(5)
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"might
as well......as〜" |
「〜するくらいなら........する方がましだ。」 |
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"would rather .......than〜"に書き換えられます。 |
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I would rather
drown than starve. |
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"might
as well"および"as"のあと、"would rather"および"than"の後には動詞の原形が続く。 |
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I'd rather study
history than ( study ) biology. |
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(生物より歴史を勉強したい。) |
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同じ動詞のときは、"than"のあとの動詞は繰り返さなくてよい。 |
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How much do you
weigh ? (体重はどれくらいなの?) |
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I'd rather not
tell you .(教えないよ。) |
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否定形は"would rather"のあとに"not"を置けばいいですね。 |
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(6)
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"put〜" |
"everything"にかかる過去分詞の形容詞的用法ですね。 |
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"something""anything""everything""nothing"を修飾する形容詞は後ろにおかれますね。 |
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There was everything
necessary for us. |
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(我々に必要なものはすべてであった。) |
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(7)
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"Having
had 〜" |
主文の時制より前の時を表すときに完了形の分詞構文を使います。 |
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"After
he had had his fill, 〜"と書き換えられる。 |
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| (8) |
" have ( eat, take, drink )
one's fill" |
「たらふく食う(飲む)」 |
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| (9) |
"tell.....to〜" |
「〜に.......するよう言う」 |
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命令文、that節に書き換えられますね。 |
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he
said to the steward, " Bring me the bill. " |
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he
told the steward that he must bring the bill. |
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he
told the steward, " Bring me the bill. "と言ってもいいと思うのですが、構文上どうしても言えないのですね。 |
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この構文は"advise...to〜""teach.....to〜""
persuade....to〜"(説きふせて〜させる)、 "beg....to〜"(頼む)、"ask....to〜""expect....to〜"(期待する)、"
recommend....to〜"(薦める)などたくさんありますね。 |
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(10)
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"include〜
in....." |
「〜を.....に含める」 |
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反"exclude〜from......" 「.....から〜を除外する」 |
今回はここまでです。
次回はいよいよラストBの解説です。お楽しみに・・・・・・ |